Gwaro Rekusarudza Mabheya Emota Pakushandisa Maindasitiri

Nhanganyaya

Kusarudza mabheringi emota yemuindasitiri kunokanganisa zvakawanda kupfuura nguva dzekukwana nekutsiva. Bearing yekurudyi inofanira kubata mitoro yeradial neaxial, kumhanya, tembiricha, mamiriro ekuzora, kusvibiswa, uye, kazhinji, magetsi anogona kukanganisa nzira dzemujaho nekufamba kwenguva. Kusawirirana kwakashata kunogona kuwedzera kudedera, kupfupisa hupenyu hwebasa, kuwedzera kushandiswa kwesimba, uye kutungamira kuvharwa kusingatarisirwi kunodhura. Gwaro iri rinotsanangura mhando huru dzemabheringi anoshandiswa mumota, zvinhu zvinoshanda zvinotungamira kusarudzwa, uye kuchinjana pakati pekushanda, kugara kwenguva refu, uye kugadzirisa kuitira kuti ugone kuita sarudzo dzakavimbika dzekushandisa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri.

Nei kusarudza mabheyaringi emota kuchikosha

Magadzirirwo emabheyaringi emota chisarudzo chakakosha cheinjiniya chinoratidza kuvimbika, kushanda zvakanaka, uye hupenyu hwemidziyo inotenderera yeindasitiri. Ichishanda senzvimbo huru pakati pe stator isingachinji uye shaft inotenderera, mabheyaringi anotarisira mitoro inoshanduka uku achichengetedza mipata chaiyo yemhepo. Munzvimbo dzeindasitiri uko mota dzemagetsi dzinotungamira maitiro ekugadzira macore, kusarudza dhizaini yebheyaringi yakanakisa hakusi kungofunga nezvekuchengetedza chete asi chinhu chakakosha kuti mashandiro arambe achienderera mberi.

Mainjiniya anofanirwa kuongorora matrix yakaoma yezvinoshanduka zvemakanika, zvekupisa, uye zvemagetsi kuti ave nechokwadi chekutimabheyaringi akasarudzwainogona kutsungirira mabasa ayo nguva dzose. Kusarudzwa kusingakoshi kunokurumidza kukurumidzisa mashandiro ekupfekwa, zvichikonzera kutadza kushanda zvakanaka, kutenderera kwakanyanya, uye kukuvara kukuru kwemota.

Mhedzisiro pakushanda nesimba uye kushanda zvakanaka kwesimba

Kubatana kwakananga pakati pekusarudzwa kwemabheyaringi nenguva yekushanda kwenzvimbo hakugone kutaurwa zvakanyanya. Kukundikana kwemota zvisina kurongwa mumaindasitiri makuru ekugadzira zvinhu, akadai sekuchenesa petrochemical kana kugadzira pulp nemapepa, kunogona kukonzera mari yekushanda kubva pamadhora zviuru gumi kusvika pamusoro pemadhora zviuru zana paawa. Nekuti mabheyaringi anokonzera 40% kusvika 50% yekutadza kushanda kwemota dzemagetsi, ndiwo chikamu chemakanika chinonyanya kukuvadzwa mudrivetrain.

Kupfuura kuvimbika, kusarudzwa kwemabheya kunokanganisa zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwesimba. Kukweshana kwemuchina mukati mebeyar assembly kunowanzoita 10% kusvika 15% yehuwandu hwekurasikirwa kwemuchina mumota yemagetsi yakajairika. Nekutsanangura magadzirirwo ezvisimbiso zvine friction yakaderera, ma geometries emukati akagadziridzwa, uye kupenya kwakakodzera kwekunyorovesa, mainjiniya vanogona kuderedza kuramba kwekutenderera. Izvi zvinoderedza kukwesha kwesimba kwemota uye zvinobatsira mukushanda nesimba kwenzvimbo yese.

Mamiriro ekushanda anotungamira kusarudzwa

Mamiriro ekushanda kwemaindasitiri ndiwo anotsanangura zvinodiwa pakutanga pakusarudzwa kwemabheyaringi. Kupisa kwakanyanya kunokanganisa zvakanyanya simbi yemabheyaringi uye nzira yekuzora. Semuenzaniso, mota dzinoshanda munzvimbo dzine cryogenic kana kushandiswa kwekupisa kwakanyanya pedyo nemaovheni emaindasitiri dzinoda magirisi akasarudzika uye simbi yebheyaringi yakagadzikana inokwanisa kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwehukuru pakupisa kunogara kuchishanda kusvika 200°C.

Uyezve, kuwanda kweVariable Frequency Drives (VFDs) kunounza kushushikana kwakanyanya kwemagetsi kumabearings emota. MaVFD anogadzira mavoltage emhando yepamusoro anogona kukonzera kutenderera kwemagetsi kuburikidza nefirimu remafuta ebhearing. Chiitiko ichi, chinozivikanwa semagetsi ekuburitsa magetsi (EDM), chinogadzira macrater madiki pamigwagwa yemujaho uye chinokurumidza kuora kwemafuta. Pamusoro pezvo, nzvimbo dzine kusvibiswa kwakawanda kana hunyoro dzinoda kurongeka kwakasarudzika kwekuvharwa, senge labyrinth seals kana heavy-duty contact seals, kudzivirira kupinda kwezvinhu zvekunze zvinogona kukanganisa zvinhu zvinotenderera nekukurumidza.

Zvinodiwa zvakakosha uye zvinodiwa zvekushandisa

Kushandura zvinodiwa pakushanda kuita mabheyaringi chaiwo kunoda kuongororwa kwakasimba kwezvinodiwa zvemakanika. Mainjiniya anofanirwa kuyera kugona kwemutoro, miganho yekumhanya kwekinematic, uye zvirambidzo zvekupisa kuti vaone bearing ichazadzisa hupenyu hwekuneta hweL10h hunodiwa.

Mutoro, kumhanya, tembiricha, uye zvinhu zvinozora mafuta

Maparamita emutoro akaiswa muzvikamu zviviri: radial neaxial forces. Dynamic load rating (C) uye static load rating (C0) zvinosarudza kugona kwebearing kubata kushushikana uku kwekushanda pasina kudonha. Kugona kumhanya kunoongororwa uchishandisa ndm value yebearing (average bearing diameter yakawedzerwa nekumhanya kwekutenderera), iyo inosarudza RPM yepamusoro inobvumidzwa pamberi pesimba re centrifugal uye kupisa kunokonzerwa nekukweshana kupfuura miganhu yakachengeteka.

Tembiricha nekuzora zvakabatana zvisingaparadzaniswi. Simbi yesimbi inokwana (100Cr6) inowanzo gadziriswa kuti ishande kusvika ku120°C, asi kurapwa kwakakosha kwekupisa kunodiwa kuti pave nekupisa kwakakwirira. Kusarudzwa kwekuzora kunofanirwa kuverengerwa kusimba kwemafuta epasi patembiricha yekushanda, zvichiita kuti ukobvu hwefirimu re elastohydrodynamic (EHL) hurambe huripo kuti huparadzanise zvinhu zvinotenderera kubva munzira dzemujaho.

Magadzirirwo emabheyaringi, nzvimbo dzakabviswa zvinhu, uye zvinhu zvekeji

Kubviswa kwemukati chinhu chakakosha pakugadzirwa, kunyanya kumamota emagetsi. Kubviswa kwemukati kweradial kunofanirwa kugamuchira kuwedzera kwekupisa kweshaft nering yemukati panguva yekushanda. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kubviswa kweC3 (kupfuura zvakajairwa) ndiyo nzira yakajairika yemabheyaringi mazhinji emota dzeindasitiri, zvichibvumira musiyano wekupisa weinenge 10°C kusvika 15°C pakati pemhete dzemukati nedzekunze pasina kukonzera kuparadza kutanga.

Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvekeji kunovandudza kukodzera kwebheyaringi munzvimbo dzakatarwa. Mashandisirwo akajairwa anowanzo shandisa makeji esimbi akadhindwa nekuda kwekugara kwenguva refu uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemari. Zvisinei, mashandisirwo anomhanya zvakanyanya kana ayo anodamapurofayiri eruzha rwakadereraKazhinji inoshandisa makeji epolyamide (PA66) ane girazi-fiber-reinforced, ayo anopa hunhu hwakanaka hwekutsvedza uye kutwasuka. Kune mashandisirwo anorema kana anodedera zvakanyanya, makeji emhangura akagadzirwa nemashini anopa hunhu hwakanaka, kunyangwe achimiririra mutengo wakakwira wekutanga.

Zvinodiwa zvekuenzanisa mhando dzemabheyaringi akafanana

Mota dzemagetsi dzinowanzo shandiswa musanganiswa wemagadzirirwo emabheyaringi zvichienderana nehukuru hwadzo, nzvimbo yekumisikidza, uye nzira yekubatanidza. Kunzwisisa simba rekuenzanisa remagadzirirwo aya kwakakosha pakugadzirisa magumo edhiraivha neasina kudhiraivha emugodhi wemota.

Mabheyaringi ebhora akadzikandiyo sarudzo inowanikwa kwose kwose yemota diki kusvika pakati nepakati nekuda kwekushanda kwadzo kwakasiyana-siyana uye kugona kwayo kumhanya zvakanyanya. Mabheya eCylindrical roller anotsanangurwa ekupedzisira kwemota hombe dzinotakura mitoro inorema ye radial, senge mabhandi eindasitiri anotyaira. Mabheya eAngular contact anodiwa zvakanyanya kune mota dze vertical pump uko mitoro inorema ye axial thrust inofanira kutsigirwa.

Maitiro ekuenzanisa sarudzo dzemabheyaringi emota

Kuenzanisa sarudzo dzemabheyaringi kunoda kutarisa zvinopfuura kuenderana kwehukuru hwechinhu. Kusiyana kudiki mumatekinoroji ekudzivirira kupisa, makirasi ekunyatsojeka, uye zvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza kwenguva refu zvinosarudza kukosha kwechokwadi uye mashandiro echikamu mukati mehurongwa hwemaindasitiri.

Mabheringi akajairwa vs akaputirwa

Kuwanda kwemamota emagetsi anochinja-chinja kwakaita kuti kusarudza pakati pemabheringi akajairwa neanochinjika kuve chinhu chakakosha pakusarudza. Mabheringi akajairwa esimbi haapi simba rekudzivirira mavhiri emagetsi anochinjika eVFD, zvichiita kuti akwanise kukanganiswa neflute uye kukundikana nekukurumidza mukushandiswa kwemagetsi anochinjika.

Mabheya eInsulated anoderedza njodzi iyi kuburikidza nematekinoroji maviri ekutanga. Mabheya ane ceramic-coated ane aluminium oxide layer (inowanzova 50 kusvika 100 µm gobvu) inoiswa paringi yekunze kana yemukati, zvichipa voltage shoma ye1,000V DC. Kune ma currents akasimba e high-frequency, mabheya ehybrid anoshandisa silicon nitride (Si3N4) rolling elements anotsanangurwa. Kunyange zvazvo mabheya ehybrid achigona kudhura 300% kusvika 500% kupfuura ma standard variants, kupatsanurwa kwawo kwemagetsi kwakakwana uye kuramba kupfeka kwakanyanya kunoita kuti ave mhinduro chaiyo yekushandiswa kweVFD kwakakosha.

Kunyatsorongeka, ruzha, kudedera, uye kukwana

Mipimo yekunyatsojeka inokanganisa zvakananga mashandiro emota acoustic uye vibratory. Mabheyaringi anogadzirwa zvichienderana nemakirasi chaiwo ekushivirira, akadai seISO P0 (Normal), P6, kana P5, anoenderana neABEC 1, 3, uye 5 standards. Mabheyaringi emhando yemagetsi (EMQ) emhando yepamusoro anonatswa kuti awedzere kushivirira kuti aderedze kumhanya kwemota uye ave nechokwadi chekuti anoshanda zvakanaka.

Ruzha nekudedera zvinodzorwa zvakare kuburikidza nemaitiro akaomarara ekugadzira. Mabheyaringi emota anowanzo kurongwa nemapoka ekudedera (semuenzaniso, V1, V2, V3), neV3 ichimiririra kumhanya kwakaderera kwekudedera. Kukwana kweshaft nehousing—kazhinji kupindirana kweshaft inotenderera (semuenzaniso, k5 kana m5 tolerances) uye kuchinjika kana kusunungurana muhousing yakamira (semuenzaniso, H6 kana J6)—zvinosungirwa kudzivirira ngura inotyisa uku ichibvumira kuwedzera kwekupisa kweaxial.

Mutengo wehupenyu hwese unopfuura mutengo weyuniti

Sarudzo dzekutenga zvinhu dzinongokonzerwa nemutengo weyuniti dzinowanzo kukonzera mitengo yakakwira yehupenyu hwese. Bhabheri remugero rakajairika rinogona kuva nemutengo weyuniti we$50, asi basa, kugadzika kwemidziyo, uye nguva yekugadzira inorasika inodiwa kuti itsive zvinogona kudarika $5,000 pachiitiko chimwe nechimwe.

Mainjiniya anofanirwa kuongorora Mutengo Wese weKuvaka (TCO), iyo inosanganisira mutengo webheyaringi, hupenyu hweL10h hunotarisirwa, nguva dzinodiwa dzekudzoreredza mafuta, uye mutengo wenguva inogona kunonoka. Kuisa mari mubheyaringi repamusoro-soro kana sealed-for-life negirisi rekugadzira rinoita basa repamusorokazhinji zvinopa purofiti yakanaka pamari yakaripwa mukati memakore maviri ekutanga ekushanda nekuwedzera nguva dzekugadzirisa kubva pamaawa zviuru zvina kusvika pamaawa anopfuura zviuru gumi nezviviri.

Maitiro ekusarudza nekushandisa

Nzira yekusarudza yakasimba inofanira kusanganiswa nekushandiswa kwakakwana. Kunyangwe bheyaringi yakagadzirwa zvakanaka kwazvo inokundikana nguva isati yakwana kana ikashandiswa nzira dzisina kunaka dzekuisa, nzvimbo isina kuchengetwa zvakanaka, kana kuti nzira dzisina kunaka dzekuzora mafuta.

Nzira yekusarudza nhanho nhanho

Nzira yekusarudza inotanga nekutsanangura mashandisirwo azvo: simba remotokari, RPM, kurongeka kwekuisa, uye rudzi rwekubatanidza. Tevere, mainjiniya vanoverenga mutoro wekutakura wakaenzana, vachitarisa huremu hwerotor uye simba rekunze senge bhandi. Iyi data inoshandiswa kuverenga hupenyu hwekuneta hweL10h, ichitarisa chiyero cheindasitiri chemaawa 40,000 kusvika 100,000 emamota eindasitiri anoenderera mberi nebasa.

Kana saizi yebheya repasi uye rudzi zvaonekwa, basa rinoenderera mberi nekuchinja nharaunda. Izvi zvinosanganisira kusarudza nzvimbo yakakodzera yemukati (kazhinji C3), kuona kukosha kwekudzivirira magetsi, uye kutsanangura rudzi rwegirisi rwakakodzera uye huwandu hwekuzadza zvichienderana nekupisa kwekushanda uye kumhanya.

Maitiro ekuisa, kuchengetedza, uye kudira mafuta

Maitiro ekuisa anotonga hutano hwekutanga hwebheya. Kuisa nechinhu chinotonhora nemechanical press kunogamuchirwa kune mabheya madiki, asi kupisa kweinduction kunodiwa kuti mhete dzemukati dzakakura dzikwane kuti pave nekupindirana kunodiwa. Beya rinofanira kupiswa kusvika pa90°C kusvika 110°C—zvisingambopfuuri 120°C kune simbi yakajairwa—kudzivirira kukuvara kwesimbi.

Mamiriro ekuchengetera zvinhu anokanganisawo kusimba kwemabheyaringi. Mabheyaringi anofanira kuchengetwa mumapakeji awo ekutanga, asina kuvhurwa munzvimbo inodzorwa nemamiriro ekunze ine hunyoro huri pasi pe60% kudzivirira ngura. Pakurongedza bearing yakavhurika, huwandu hwemafuta anodiwa hunokosha; kune mota dzemagetsi, kuzadza 30% kusvika 50% yenzvimbo yakasununguka ndiyo yakajairika. Kuisa mafuta akawanda kunokonzera kutenderera, kupisa kwakanyanya, uye kutadza kushanda kwemafuta panguva isati yakwana.

Kutarisa uye kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu

Kushanda nesimbakutarisa mamiriro ezvinhuZvakakosha pakuwedzera hupenyu hwemabheyaringi uye kudzivirira kubuda kwemagetsi zvisina kurongwa. Kuongorora vibration ndiyo nzira huru yekuongorora, ichishandisa accelerometers kuona zvikanganiso zvemabheyaringi pakutanga (mukati merudzi, kunze kwerudzi, kana zvikanganiso zvezvikamu zvinotenderera) kuburikidza nenzira dzekumhanyisa dzinofukidza. Mitemo yeISO 10816 inopa gwara rekuti mota idederedze, inowanzoda RMS velocity levels iri pasi pe1.12 mm/s kusvika 2.8 mm/s, zvichienderana nerudzi rwemota uye kuomarara kwekuisa.

Kuongororwa kwe acoustic emission uye ultrasound monitoring zvinogona kuona high-frequency friction inoratidza kusakwana kwemafuta nguva refu zvisati zvaitika vibration anomals. Kugadziriswa kwakajairika kunofanira kusanganisira maitiro ekugadzirisa mafuta, uchishandisa rudzi rwakakodzera rwemafuta uye huwandu panguva dzakatarwa. Mapoka ekugadzirisa anofanirawo kudzivirira kusanganisa grisi thickeners dzisingaenderane (semuenzaniso, polyurea ne lithium complex), izvo zvinotungamira mukuomarara kana kunyungudika kwemafuta.

Maitiro ekuongorora vatengesi uye kuita sarudzo yekupedzisira

Chikamu chekupedzisira chekuongorora zvinodiwa zvemabheyaringi chinosanganisira kuongorora nzira dzekutengesa. Kutsvaga mabheyaringi eindasitiri kunoda kushanda pamwe chete nevagadziri nevagovanisiinokwanisa kupa mhando yesimbi inoenderana, data reinjiniya rakasimbiswa, uye logistics yakavimbika.

Magwaro emhando yepamusoro uye zvinodiwa nemupi wezvigadzirwa

Chitupa chemutengesi chinofanira kunge chakavakirwa pamitemo yakasimba yekutarisira mhando. Vagadziri veTier-one bearing vanoshanda pasi pezvitupa zveISO 9001 neIATF 16949, vachivimbisa kudzora kwakasimba kwemaitiro. Vatengi vanofanira kukumbira magwaro akazara emhando, kusanganisira zvitupa zveEN 10204 3.1, kuti vaone kuchena kwesimbi uye kuumbwa kwemakemikari kwakanyatsojeka.

Mitengo yekukanganisa chinhu chakakosha pakuongorora kugona kwemutengesi. Vatengesi vemabheari epamusoro-soro vanowanzo chengetedza huwandu hwekukanganisa huri pasi pe50 Parts Per Million (PPM). Uyezve, mutengesi anofanira kuratidza nzira dzakasimba dzekudzivirira nhema, sezvo mabheari enhema anounzwa nenzira dzisina mvumo dzekuparadzira zvinhu achikonzera njodzi huru yekuchengetedzeka nekuvimbika kumaindasitiri.

Hurongwa hwesarudzo dzekukodzera tekinoroji, nguva yekutungamirira, uye mutengo

Kusarudza mutengesi wekupedzisira kunoda kuyera kugona kwehunyanzvi nehunyanzvi hwekutengeserana. Rutsigiro rweinjiniya yekushandisa chinhu chakakosha pakusiyanisa tekinoroji; vatengesi vanogona kupa advanced finite element analysis (FEA) uye mazano emafuta akagadzirwa vanowedzera kukosha kukuru kupfuura chigadzirwa chaicho.

Nguva dzekutungamira dzine simba guru pakusarudza kwekupedzisira.

Zvinhu Zvinokosha Zvaunofanira Kuziva

• Mhedzisiro yakakosha uye chikonzero chemotokari mabheyaringi
• Magadzirirwo, kutevedzera mitemo, uye kuongororwa kwenjodzi zvinofanirwa kuongororwa usati waita chibvumirano
• Matanho anotevera anoshanda uye mazano anogona kushandiswa nevaverengi ipapo ipapo

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Ndeipi mhando yebheyaringi inonyanya kushandiswa mukushandiswa kwemotokari dzemaindasitiri?

Mabheyaringi ebhora akadzika ndiwo anowanzo shandiswa pakugadzira mota dzemagetsi nekuti anobata kumhanya kwakanyanya, ruzha rwakaderera, uye mitoro ye radial/axial iri pakati nepakati zvakanaka.

Ndirini pandinofanira kusarudza C3 clearance yemota bearing?

Shandisa C3 clearance mumamota mazhinji eindasitiri uko shaft heat inowedzera ring yemukati. Inobatsira kudzivirira preload uye overheating panguva yekushanda nguva dzose.

MaVFD anokanganisa sei kusarudzwa kwemabheyaringi emota?

Mota dzinofambiswa neVFD dzingada mabheringi eceramic anodzivirira kupisa kana kuti akabatana kuti dzideredze kukuvara kwekubuda kwemagetsi. Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru mumidziyo inomhanya zvikuru kana kuti inokosha.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha pakusarudza mota yekufambisa?

Tarisa mutoro, kumhanya, tembiricha yekushanda, huwandu hwekusvibiswa, nzira yekuzora, uye kana mota ichishandisa VFD. Izvi zvinosarudza rudzi rwebheyaringi, nzvimbo yakavharwa, zvisimbiso, uye zvinhu zvekeji.

Ko DEMY Bearings inogona kubatsira maOEM nevatengi vemaindasitiri kuwana ma motor bearings akakodzera here?

Ehe. DEMY Bearings inopa mhando dzakasiyana dzemabheyaringi emota nerutsigiro rwe e-catalog, zvichibatsira maOEM nevagovanisi kuti vaenzanise zvinodiwa zvekumhanya, mutoro, ruzha, uye hupenyu hwebasa.